Democracy and Displacement in Colombia's Civil War by Abbey Steele

Author:Abbey Steele [Steele, Abbey]
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Tags: South America, Democracy, Latin America, Political Ideologies, Political Science, Political Freedom, History, Security (National & International)
ISBN: 9781501712395
Google: ns46DwAAQBAJ
Goodreads: 36709385
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Published: 2017-12-15T00:00:00+00:00

Violence and Displacement

The guerrillas, paramilitaries, narcotraffickers, and the state engaged each other for decades, producing hundreds of thousands of deaths. The impact of all these armed groups fighting one another, often indirectly through the civilian population, has been devastating. In 2012, a group commissioned by the Colombian government to study the war, the Historical Memory Group (Grupo de Memoria Histórica, or GMH), released its report on victims of the war.23 The report compares estimates of lives lost from various sources and concludes that there have been 220,000 victims of lethal violence dating back to 1958 through 2012. Of those, approximately 81.5 percent have been civilians (about 180,000), and 18.5 percent combatants (roughly 40,000) (Comisión Nacional de Reparación y Reconciliación [Colombia], Grupo de Memoria Histórica 2013, 32). In other words, for each combatant killed, four civilians have died.

The patterns of violence—in terms of lethal and nonlethal forms and the scale of each—have varied over time and across the country. Gutiérrez Sanín and Wood (2017) show that these “repertoires” of violence also vary by armed group. For instance, paramilitaries were much more likely to commit massacres than the FARC, while the FARC was much more likely to kidnap. The next sections describe how death and displacement have shifted.

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